Improvement in machines for heading bolts



v W. J. LEWIS.

BOLT MAKING MACHINE. No; 41,929. Patented Mar. 15, 1864.

I I Wi'fwe sew I M4 Q Y -Iw UNITED- STATES PATENT ()FFICE;

WILLIAM J. Lewis, on 'PITTSBURG,""-P'E"NNS'YL'VhNIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINES FOR HEADING BOLTS.

Specification lorming part of Letters Patent No. 41,9 29, dated March 15,1864.

The nature of my invention consists of an improvement in that class of bolt-heading'machines wherein the iron employed is of the size necessaryto form the shank of the finished' bolt, a portion of the metal being upset to' make the head. In all machines heretofore in use for this purpose no means have beep devised for obviating the difiieulties -encountered in producing a perfect head to the bolt.

In the ordinary machines the dies used for grippingtheiron arenothingmore than straight pieces of steel, with a notch half the size of the iron in their approximating ends, for the purposeof holding the iron while the header (which is another similar piece of steel with a simple countersink at that end coming in contact with the iron) staves. the metal up so as to form the head. This mode of heading bolts leaves the head rough, and apparently in an unfinished state, owing to the fact that however tight the dies may come together at first, the metal used in forming the head will be forced out between them, leaving a thin fin or sheet of metal adhering to'that part of the head corresponding. with the joints or'openings in the ,dies, which must be taken off by some subsequent operation.

In my improved heading-machine this difli culty is entirely overcome by the peculiar form I. construct my dies, a correct representation of which is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an isometrical perspective view oftheir construction and arrangement. Fig. 2 represents a top view of the working ends of the dies closed up, as when in the act of forming the head. Fig. 3 is a front view of the grippingdies in position, as when holding the bolt; Fig. 4 represents an end view or face of the-header. Fig. 5 is a side'view of the same; Fig. 6, a longitudinal vertical section, and Fig. 7 a horizontal section, of Fig. 4.

All the drawings are lettered, and similar letters denote corresponding parts in the sev eral views.

The nature of my invention consists in formin g thegripping-dirs with an angular recess in each half the width of the desired head, and so constructed as that while the projecting ends securely hold the iron, the walls of the recess shall embrace the head on two sides aswell. as the bottom, for purposes hereinafter to be explained. Another part of my invention consists in forming the header with cheeks, or projections on two sides of its face, so as to embrace the head of the bolt on the'sides opposite those caught by the gripping-dies. By constructing them in this form it will be seen that on the closing of the dies to make the head the surplus metal can only be forced out on two sides. when by turning the bolt on the opening of the dies to strike another blow the fin or overplus metal will bedriven into the body of the iron, thus making a perfectly-shaped head.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand and make my improvement, I will pro-, ceed to describe more particularly its -construction and operation by reference to the accompanying drawings.

I construct the parts for operating the dies ofmy machine in any of the well-known ways; but in this case, for the purpose ofmakingthe dies work smoothly and evenly, I have formed a tablet, l), in which the boxes B B B slide in dovetailed grooves made therein for that purpose. These boxes are open at the top and front end. The dies, being placed in, are socured by clamps s s 8, held down by screws b b b b b b. On theconverging or front ends, L L, of the gripping-dies PPis cutasemicircular groove, 1%, for the purpose of catching the rod of iron from which the bolt is formed. Just back of this, and forming part of the grippingdies, I have made a recess, H, halt the width and somewhat more than the full depth of the head of the bolt. Directly behind the grippingdies, and working at right angles thereto, is the heading-die A, secured and working in the same manner and with the same motion as the other dies. The face T of this die or header is just the width intended to have the bolthead. and sufficient to fill the space or recess formediin: the gripping-dies, as seen at Fig. 2. Projecting; from the face T of the header A are a couple checks, 0 (l, leaving the space hetween them the exact size of the desired head, as fully delineated by Figs. 5, 6, and 7.

The operation of these dies is as follows: The iron from which it is intended to form the bolt (being of the size required to make the shank) is inserted between the gripping-dies P P, where it is held on their approach in the groove R. Sufiicient amount, however, of the rod of iron to form the head is allowed to extend through toward the header, when it, by its motion in the direction of the gripping-dies, staves the projecting iron between itself and the dies holding it,'until the iron is made to fill. the recess left for the formation of the head, of the bolt. A portion of the surplus metal, however, is forced out between the dies, as in other machines, but only on two sides, which, as the dies open to make another-stroke, is turned one-fourth way round by the operator, so as to bring the fin produced by the first stroke of the machine directly opposite the solid portion of the dies, whereby the surplus metal is driven into the body of the iron, making a perfectly smooth and well-shaped head without further labor.

I am aware that heading-machines having gripping-dies with a recess or cavity out therein as a mold or matrix for the head have been in use; but in these machines the'walls of the cavity surrounded or embraced the head on all sides, so that the header'not only forced the surplus metal between the joints of the gripping-dies, but formed a flash or fin like a thin flange around the top of the bolt-head.

This occurs'when the header does not enter the cavity in the gripping-dies, as is the case in most machines in use. I am also aware that other machines have been used wherein the header is made to enter the cavity in the gripping-dies. In this case the fin or surplus metal is driven out around the sides of the header, leaving the top of the bolt-head cupshaped. In either of these machines, notwithstanding the bolt may he turned during the operation of heading, their construction is such that the fin produced by the first stroke of the machine will remain unaltered. Therefore I wish it distinctly understood that I do not claim either of these devices, as they are old and well known; but 3 What I do claim is- A recess or cavity in-the gripping-dies so ,constructed as to embrace the bolt-head on two sides only, and in combination therewith a header formed with cheeks or projections on its face or front end so as to catch the bolthead on its opposite sides, wherebythe flash or fin produced by the first stroke of the machine may be driven oif by turning the bolt one fourth way round, so that the surplus metal will come against the solid portion of the dies previous to the second stroke, substantially as herein set forth.

WM. J. LEWIS.

Witnesses:

Josmn W. ELLs, R. A, CAMERON. 

